Internet of Things (IoT)
The Internet of Things connects physical devices — sensors, machines, vehicles, appliances — to the internet, enabling them to collect and exchange data. IoT is transforming industries from manufactur…
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Definition
The Internet of Things connects physical devices — sensors, machines, vehicles, appliances — to the internet, enabling them to collect and exchange data. IoT is transforming industries from manufacturing (Industry 4.0) to agriculture (precision farming) and smart cities. India's IoT market is projected to reach $15 billion, driven by government smart city initiatives and industrial digitalisation.
Key Points
- Components: sensors/devices, connectivity (WiFi, Bluetooth, LoRa, 5G), cloud platform, analytics
- Indian applications: smart cities, agriculture sensors, industrial monitoring, fleet tracking
- Platforms: AWS IoT, Azure IoT, Google Cloud IoT, ThingsBoard (open-source)
- Security is critical — IoT devices are common attack vectors
Related Terms
Frequently Asked Questions
Indian agritech companies use IoT for: soil moisture sensors to optimise irrigation (reducing water usage by 30-40%), weather stations for microclimate monitoring, drone-based crop surveillance, cold chain monitoring for perishable produce, and GPS-based fleet tracking for agricultural logistics. Government subsidies make IoT adoption increasingly accessible for Indian farmers.
A basic IoT prototype (sensor + connectivity + dashboard): ₹2-5 lakhs. A production-ready IoT solution with custom hardware and cloud platform: ₹10-30 lakhs. Scale deployment (100+ devices with fleet management): ₹30-80+ lakhs. Hardware costs are per-device (₹500-10,000 depending on sensors); software platform is the major investment.
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